Road runway section on Pakistan's M-2 Motorway with removable medians. [23] The seventh exercise, "Torrent 2016", was conducted near Tengah Air Base in November 2016. After the Turkish invasion of Cyprus at three highway strips were built in the Greek part of Cyprus, easily recognisable by a runway center line and markings for the touch down zone. Signs, street lights and other fixtures were removed, and landing equipment installed temporarily, which included mobile arresting gear for the first time. In March 2019, Pakistan also used The idea was never to clutter the highways by allowing planes to land on them, but to build airstrips next to some major highways. [4][5] In the case of Finnish road airbases, the space needed for landing aircraft is reduced by means of a wire, similar to the CATOBAR system used on some aircraft carriers.[6]. In June 2016, the Minister for Road Transport and Highways, Nitin Gadkari announced that the government was considering developing 'Road Runways' for commercial operations as well. The Viggen and the Gripen were both designed with STOL capability in order to utilize shorter runways. [4] The third is a much smaller strip located on the Limassol-Paphos Highway near to Paphos International Airport. But, unlike in Europe and Asia, this highway strip has a more benign purpose — it’s an emergency landing area for the Royal Flying Doctor Service (RFDS). Kortbana (short runway) at former Optand wartime air base, Sweden. The STOL-capability of the Viggen and Gripen allowed for such short runways. The Defense Highway Act provided flight strips, mostly for military use, that were near highways. They also all have aircraft turning areas at either end. India has successfully tested its runway strip on a stretch of the Yamuna Expressway in Uttar Pradesh on 21 May 2015. Notice the road becoming wider. Cold War Footage Shows German F-104 Starfighter Landing On Highway Strip (And Ending Nose-down On Grass) September 8, 2019 Aviation Safety / Air … Allow specifying highway strips designated as landing strips (for example emergency or military). These runways allow military aircraft to continue operating even if their regular air bases, some of the most vulnerable targets in any war, are degraded or destroyed. North Korea has established a large number of highway strips to use in case of war. While not designed for military use, in rural Australia several sections of highway are maintained as potential runways for use by the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia. One is located on the Limassol–Nicosia Highway (5,200 m or 17,100 ft) and one of the Limassol–Larnaca highway (5,000 m or 16,000 ft). Landing strip that is normally used as a part of a highway, but can be closed either because of a military exercise or emergency landing for aeroplane landing. As with North Korea, South Korea has also established a number of highway strips. A highway strip or road runway is a section of a highway or motorway that is specially built to allow landing of (mostly) military aircraft and to serve as a military airbase. The strips are usually 2-to-3.5-kilometre-long (1.2 to 2.2 mi) straight sections of the highway, where any central reservation is made of crash barriers that can be removed quickly (in order to allow airplanes to use the whole width of the road), and other features of an airbase (taxiways, airport ramps) can be built. [7], Rear view of an A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft as it takes off from the autobahn A29 near city of Ahlhorn during NATO-exercise, Combat Aircraft (European Edition) (magazine), September 2003, page 78, Combat Aircraft (European Edition) (magazine), September 2003, pages 76-79, Articles needing more detailed references, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, http://www.ilmavoimat.fi/index_en.php?id=661, "Abandoned and Little-known Airfields: Cyprus, District Larnaca", http://www.ronaldv.nl/abandoned/airfields/CY/larnaca.html, "Abandoned and Little-known Airfields: Cyprus, District Paphos", http://www.ronaldv.nl/abandoned/airfields/CY/paphos.html, http://www.paf.gov.pk/press_release/uploaded/MOTORWAY-RELEASE02-04-10.pdf, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Highway_strip?oldid=4225316. The first Federal-Aid Highway Act came close to including another flight strip program but ultimately did not, and it wasn't part of the second Federal-Aid Highway Act, either [source: Weingroff ]. Highway landings were a very real possibility if the Cold War ever went hot. The Six-Day War in 1967 (where the Egyptian Air Force was grounded by a quick surprise attack on air bases) and the introduction of long range attack aircraft (primarily the Su-24) inspired further development, resulting in the Bas 90 system. The road would need to be swept to remove any debris before use by aircraft. In Pakistan, The M-1 Motorway (Peshawar-Islamabad) and the M-2 Motorway (Islamabad-Lahore) each include two emergency runway sections of 2,700 m (9,000 ft) length each. These were built to allow military aircraft to operate even if their airbases, the most vulnerable targets in any war, are destroyed. … This event marked the second highway landing to take place in Estonia; the first took place last June as part of exercise Saber Strike 16. Taiwan’s Central News Agency said highway take-off and landing drills last took place in 2014. The four emergency runway sections become operational by removing removable concrete medians using forklifts. The Defense Highway Act of 1941 did provide for a series of emergency flight strips to be placed near highways nationwide, but that program was phased out by the time Congress began planning the interstate system in earnest in The A-10’s design allows the aircraft to be able to land in a variety of locations, including semi-prepared landing strips and austere sites. It’s also hardly a secret with large signs warning of fast approaching aircraft. NEW DELHI: Indian Air Force (IAF) has taken a step forward to use highway stretches as “landing strips” in an emergency for fighter aircrafts. The road would need to be swept to remove all debris before any aircraft movement could take place. I (an American) was driving in northern Finland a few years ago and a regular two-lane road opened up into a giant expanse like this. F-15SG and F-16C/D fighters participated in the 2016 exercise.[24][25][26][27]. The Finnish Air Force uses arresting cables to quickly stop F/A-18s, which were originally designed to operate from aircraft carriers. On the last occasion, the PAF used a runway section on the M2 motorway on 2 April 2010 to land, refuel and take-off two jet fighters, a Mirage III and an F-7P, during its Highmark 2010 exercise. Combat Aircraft (European Edition) (magazine), September 2003, pages 76-79, Highway doubles as flying doctor landing strip 23 July 2015, RFDS Emergency Landing Strip, Eyre Highway, between Mundrabilla and Madura Pass, Western Australia, "China test flies warplanes on highway strip", "Abandoned and Little-known Airfields: Cyprus, District Larnaca", "Abandoned and Little-known Airfields: Cyprus, District Paphos", "Watch an A-10 land on a highway for the first time since 1984", "U.S. Air Force A-10 Attack Aircraft Practice Landings And Take Offs From Rural Highway And Austere Runway In Estonia", Watch the military drill where Finland launches F-18s off of a highway 4 October 2016, "Indian Air Force(IAF) Mirage -2000 Lands at Yamuna Expressway", "Turning roads into runways may be a stretch and here is why", "Air Force Planes Land On Highway Near Lucknow In 2-Hour Drill", http://www.paf.gov.pk/press_release/uploaded/MOTORWAY-RELEASE02-04-10.pdf, Factsheet: RSAF Exercise Torrent 2016 13 November 2016, Advisory on RSAF Exercise Torrent 2016 3 November 2016, "RSAF to conduct alternate runway exercise at Lim Chu Kang Road from Nov 10 to 14", Fighter jets, including new F-15SG planes, take off from Lim Chu Kang Road in RSAF's Exercise Torrent 13 November 2016, "Se när JAS Gripen landar – mitt på vägen: "Det är old school, "JAS 39 Gripen landar på vägbas på Gotland", Hawker Hunter jets taking off from motorways, L’armée suisse fait décoller des avions Tigers depuis une autoroute (1988), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Highway_strip&oldid=993704976, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Articles containing Finnish-language text, Articles containing Swedish-language text, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing Russian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 December 2020, at 01:31. The specialized equipment of a typical airfield are stored somewhere nearby and only carried there when airfield operations start. Tamil separatist group LTTE operated in northern Sri Lanka prior to their elimination in 2009, used highways as landing strips. Nations known to utilize the strategy of highways constructed to double as auxiliary airbases in the event of war are Singapore, Sweden[2] (vägbas, literally meaning "road base"), Finland (maantietukikohta), Germany (NLP-Str - Notlandeplätze auf Straßen, emergency airfields on roads), Poland (DOL - Drogowy Odcinek Lotniskowy, lit. These airfields are little more than widened sections of pavement that appear to be for emergency or backup use only and may not normally support operations. They also all have aircraft turning areas at either end. [12][13], In the Winter War of 1939-1940 the Finnish Air Force re-deployed its aircraft to makeshift airfields including frozen lakes to preserve them against Soviet air attack. [31][32], A number of highway strips called NOLA/NOSTA (Notlandepisten) were set up from 1969 to 2004.[33][34][35]. The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has used the M2 motorway as a runway on two occasions: for the first time in 2000 when it landed an F-7P fighter, a Super Mushak trainer and a C-130 and, again, in 2010. An A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft lands on the autobahn A29 near city of Ahlhorn during NATO-exercise "Highway 84". Royal Flying Doctor Service, PR stunt. During the Cold War, highway strips were systematically built on both sides of the Iron Curtain, predominantly in the two then divided Germanys. To provide These were built to allow military aircraft to operate even if their airbases, the most vulnerable targets in any war, are destroyed. The Srinagar-Banihal highway landing strip will be 3.5-km long and can be constructed in eight months at a cost of nearly Rs 119 crore, the persons cited earlier said. Indeed, while landing a large plane on a highway might seem easier than, say, landing one in the Hudson River, history suggests that’s not necessarily so. In 1944 (before the Federal-Aid Highway Act), Congress considered using federal highway funds to build landing strips next to some highways. Improvements in the Bas 90 system included construction of short backup runways in the direct vicinity of the air bases and further dispersion of ground operations. On the last occasion, the PAF used a runway section on the M2 motorway on 2 April 2010 to land, refuel and take-off two jet fighters, a Mirage III and an F-7P, during its Highmark 2010 exercise. [19] 5.5 Operating Procedure The vegetation abutting emergency runway strip (fly over area) must be clear of all vegetation and large objects over 1.0m in height, 22.5 m either side of the runway strip (Airstrip Standards & Reporting Arrangements - Appendix A). A large number of highway strips were built in the former USSR (Аэродромный Участок Дороги, "airfield part of road"). Germany has a number of highway strips (NLP-Str - Notlandeplätze auf Straßen, "emergency airfields on roads"). In VH-FDA. The Swedish Air Force also took part in the 2015 and 2016 exercises, flying Gripen fighters.[16][17]. The road will need a thicker-than-normal surface and a solid concrete base. [citation needed] In 2014 Chinese forces landed warplanes on a highway strip in Henan province for the first time. [1][2] Countries that have built highway strips include both West and East Germany, Singapore, North Korea, Taiwan, Sweden, Finland, Bulgaria, Switzerland,[3] Poland, India, Pakistan and Czechoslovakia. RFDS highway landing on Nullarbor reignites calls for $4m Eucla airstrip upgrade By Jarrod Lucas 21/08/2020 Yang Hengjun: Australian writer held in … [30][4][5][2], The Swedish Air Force did not practice using their road bases for around a decade in the early 21st century, but in 2015 and 2016 its Saab JAS 39 Gripen fighters participated in Finnish Air Force road base drills. A C-130 Hercules lands on the A29 Autobahn near Ahlhorn during military exercise 'Highway 84', Highway strip on Autobahn A29 near Ahlhorn. Landing on remote highway/emergency RFDS road strip near Birdsville. In the Cold War highway strips were systematically built on both sides of the Iron Curtain, mostly in the two Germanys, but also in North Korea, Republic of China (Taiwan), Sweden, Switzerland, Poland and Czechoslovakia. [21], A large number of highway strips (DOL - Drogowy Odcinek Lotniskowy, lit "road airfield section") were built during the Cold War in Poland. The other states that will have similar emergency landing air strips include Rajasthan (2), West Bengal (1), Andhra Pradesh (2), Tamil Nadu (2), Jammu & Kashmir (2) and Odisha (1). One is located on the Limassol–Nicosia Highway (5,200 m or 17,100 ft) and one of the Limassol–Larnaca highway (5,000 m or 16,000 ft). The project—the first in Jammu & Kashmir—is among the 13 emergency landing strips planned by the government on highways across the country. Rear view of an A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft as it takes off from the autobahn A29 near city of Ahlhorn during NATO-exercise "Highway 84". While using highways as landing strips isn’t quite standard operating procedure in most countries, they have been used by some air forces in the past, including Pakistan (pdf) and China. [18] It was built at a cost of ₹13,000 Cr for its combat jets of the IAF, a first for military aviation in the country. a section of M2 motorway to land its fighter jets to demonstrate its capability. As of 2003, only one highway strip is used annually for an exercise. The specialized equipment of a typical airfield are stored somewhere nearby and only carried there when airfield operations start. Additional Physical Format: Online version: Principles of highway construction as applied to airports, flight strips, and other landing areas for aircraft. They have since been conducted at later dates and in different areas of the country. [10] The third is a much smaller strip located on the Limassol-Paphos Highway near to Paphos International Airport. In the case of Finnish road airbases, the space needed for landing aircraft is reduced by means of a wire, similar to the CATOBAR system used on some aircraft carriers.[1]. They have a few scattered around A highway strip, road runway or road base is a section of a highway, motorway or other form of public road that is specially built to act as a runway for (mostly) military aircraft and to serve as an auxiliary military air base. Taiwan built a number of highway strips (戰備跑道, lit. The use of highway strips for landing is an emergency measure to be used when the use of airbases is not available during wartime. The road will need a thicker than normal surface and a solid concrete base. C-27 Spartan, Royal Australian Air Force. [16] In September 2017, the air force conducted exercises on a number of road bases for the first time in over a decade. They are listed as "Highway" or "Highway Strip". At no point was the idea kited of using highways or other roads to land planes on; the proposed landing strips would have been built alongside major highways, with the … Indian Air Force clears 12 national highways as emergency landing strips IAF has cleared 12 national highways as emergency landing airstrips that will enable rescue operation teams to reach affected areas July 30, 2017 12:35 . The highway strips can be converted from motorways to airbases typically within 24 to 48 hours. "war spare runway"). The purposes of flight strips were (Sharp, et al, 1948): To provide auxiliary landing fields for military purposes and to assist in the dispersal of planes from nearby airports. The strips are usually 2 to 3.5 kilometres (1.2 to 2.2 mi) long straight sections of the highway, where any central reservation is made of crash barriers that can be removed quickly (in order to allow airplanes to use the whole width of the road), and other features of an airbase (taxiways, airport ramps) can be built. The “Warthog” has the phenomenal ability to use unimproved surface landing strips. The first highway strips were constructed near the end of World War II in Nazi Germany, where the well developed Reichsautobahn system allowed aircraft to use the motorways. And Idaho ANG A-10 pilots regularly train to exploit it. In Poland, as of 2003, only one highway strip is used annually for an exercise. It was first conducted on 17 April 1986 with F-5 and A-4 aircraft. During the Cold War highway strips were systematically built on both sides of the Iron Curtain, in many cases in response to The Six Day War and Operation Focus in 1967, where the Israeli Air Force in a surprise air strike disabled many of their opponents' air bases in just a few hours. [6], In Pakistan, The M-1 Motorway (Peshawar-Islamabad) and the M-2 Motorway (Islamabad-Lahore) each include two emergency runway sections of 2,700 m (9,000 ft) length each. The tactic was successful, with Soviet air raids on bases causing little damage and the vastly outnumbered Finnish aircraft scoring a high number of aerial victories. A highway strip or road runway is a section of a highway or motorway that is specially built to allow landing of (mostly) military aircraft and to serve as a military airbase. [14], Throughout the Cold War the Finnish Air Force maintained a network of secondary airfields including civilian airports and road bases to improve survivability and effectiveness in the event of war. A tiny airplane made an emergency landing in the middle of traffic on a Quebec highway.Pilots of all kinds of planes must be prepared to try to … The four emergency runway sections become operational by removing removable concrete medians using forklifts. C-130 Hercules aircraft on taxidrive on the autobahn A29 near city of Ahlhorn during NATO-exercise "Highway 84". In Hokkaido Prefecture the Japan Self-Defense Forces have Kenebetsu Air Base and Yakumo Sub Base as alternative air bases. The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has used the M2 motorway as a runway on two occasions: for the first time in 2000 when it landed an F-7P fighter, a Super Mushak trainer and a C-130 and, again, in 2010. Highway strip. [5] Centre paves the way for highways as landing strips - The Indian Air Force (IAF) successfully landed a Mirage-2000 on the Yamuna Expressway near Mathura on Thursday as part of its trials to use national highways for emergency landing by fighter aircraft. In the Baana 16 exercise in 2016 the Finnish Air Force flew F/A-18C and BAE Hawk, Pilatus PC-12 and C295M aircraft from a highway in Lusi. Bringing doctor and nurse to patients injured in a car accident on the highway. The RFDS has conducted the first landing on the Eyre Highway in more than a decade. Washington, D.C. : Public Roads Administration, Federal Works Agency, 1943 [7][8], In 1989 China conducted its first highway strip drills. An F-16 landing on a public highway, engine roaring as its wheels touch the concrete, is a memorable addition to any driver’s morning commute. [22], The Republic of Singapore Air Force periodically conducts an "alternate runway exercise". Runway strips shall be inspected and cleared of all stock or native fauna prior to landing. I later found out that it was one of these highway landing strips. Royal Flying Doctor landing strip runway on the Silver City Highway in NSW. Road runways can however also be quite small—the short runways built in the Swedish Bas 90 system are commonly only 800 metres (2,600 ft) in length. [11], During the Operation Saber Strike exercises in 2016 and 2018, A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft from the US Air National Guard operated from former Warsaw Pact road runways in Estonia. "war spare runway"), former USSR (Аэродромный Участок Дороги, "airfield part of road"). India successfully tested another runway strip on a stretch of the Agra Lucknow Expressway in Uttar Pradesh on 24 October 2017.[20]. [15], As of 2017, all aircraft in the Finnish Air Force are capable of operating from road bases. "road airfield section"),[3] Republic of China (Taiwan) (戰備跑道 , lit. [16], Currently Finland conducts drills on its road bases (maantietukikohta), around once a year. Called highway strips, these motorways have been specifically designed so if a country’s air bases are taken out, fighter jets can still take to the skies. Highways doubling up as runways Out in far western New South Wales, somewhere past Broken Hill, there’s a strip of the Silver City Highway that also serves as a runway. To provide landing facilities for civilian flyers. The highway strips can be converted from motorways to airbases typically within 24 to 48 hours. The first highway strips were constructed near the end of World War II in Nazi Germany, where the well developed Reichsautobahn system allowed aircraft to use the motorways. A number of countries around the world utilise the strategy of highways constructed to double as auxiliary airbases in the event of war. If you’re driving along, you might notice what looks like a pedestrian crossing … [9], After the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, three highway strips were built in the Greek part of Cyprus, easily recognisable by a runway centre line and markings for the touchdown zone. [28][29], Sweden started establishing road runways (reservvägbaser) as alternative bases with the introduction of the Bas 60 system in the late 1950s. North Korea has built dozens of reserve airstrips along highways and ordinary roads. A highway strip, road runway or road base is a section of a highway, motorway or other form of public road that is specially built to act as a runway for (mostly) military aircraft and to serve as an auxiliary military air base. 4 ] the seventh exercise, `` airfield part of road '' ) the RFDS has conducted first... As with north Korea, South Korea has built dozens of reserve airstrips along highways ordinary. 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