(a) Halogen is a Greek word which means salt-former’. Overall, the carbon family elements are stable and tend to be fairly unreactive. The most common substances, such as oxygen, are states, matter, solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. It is also the least dense at 0.00143 g/cm 3. Except for lead, all of the carbon family elements exist as different forms or allotropes. The electronic configuration is n s 2 n p 4 . The elements tend to form covalent compounds, though tin and lead also form ionic compounds. Physical and Chemical Properties of Group 17 Elements Group 17 Elements: The Halogens The elements in Group 17 are: Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Astatine These elements are known as halogens. Group 16: General Properties and Reactions The oxygen family, also called the chalcogens, consists of the elements found in Group 16 of the periodic table and is considered among the main group elements. The elements oxygen (O), sulphur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te) and polonium (Po) constitute group 16 elements of the periodic table. However, oxygen gas is colourless, odourless, and tasteless. The chemical and physical properties of oxygen make it different from other elements. It consists of the elements oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium and polonium. Oxygen first appeared in the Earth’s atmosphere around 2 billion years ago, accumulating from the photosynthesis of blue-green algae. The elemental structure is a cubic crystal shape. The liquid and solid forms are a pale blue colour. The smallest chalcogen is oxygen, which has small atoms having 2 and 6 electrons in its shells. Photosynthesis uses energy from the sun to split water into oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen: The chemical configuration of oxygen is 1s 2 2s 2 2p 4. The oxygen passes into the atmosphere and the hydrogen joins with carbon dioxide to produce biomass. The atomic radii or the ionic radii of elements increases while progressing down a group. The chalcogen with the lowest atomic radius and ionic radius is oxygen, whereas the chalcogen with the largest atomic/ionic radius (excluding livermorium) is polonium. These are named as oxygen family after the name of the first member of the group. Germanium found in traces in … The chemically uncharacterized synthetic element livermorium (Lv) is predicted to be a chalcogen as well. The carbon family elements have widely variable physical and chemical properties. The chalcogens (/ ˈ k æ l k ə dʒ ɪ n z /) are the chemical elements in group 16 of the periodic table.This group is also known as the oxygen family.It consists of the elements oxygen (O), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), and the radioactive element polonium (Po). The oxygen family consists of the elements that make up group 16 on the periodic table: oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium. they exist naturally in various mineral salts in […] Physical Properties Oxygen exists in all three forms - liquid, solid, and gas. (b) This is because halogens are reactive non-metals. Oxygen is known to react with other atoms, and works to form rust through oxidization. Physical and Chemical Properties of Chalcogens. The first four elements of this group are collectively known as chalcogens (meaning ore forming elements) because […] Physical properties of Carbon Family (1) Non-metallic nature : The non-metallic nature decreases along the group. Physical state and molecular structure of oxygen family - definition The elements of oxygen family have six electrons in the valence shell. C Si Ge Sn Pb ... CO 2 petroleum and natural gas Silicon is the second most abundant element after oxygen in earth’s crust in form of silicates and silica. 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